kankare nika kayan aiki

Fasahar injin niƙa na baya-bayan nan na iya kiyaye juriya da haɓaka samarwa, yayin da rage buƙatar ma'aikata.
Sabbin fasahar injin niƙa tana ba ku damar samun juriya mai ƙarfi, kiyaye yawan aiki da guje wa sanya sabbin buƙatu akan ma'aikatan niƙa. Tom Chastain, Wirtgen American Milling Product Manager, ya ce: "Sabbin ƙarni na sarrafa gangara, fasahar niƙa da sabon tsarin aiki yana ba da sauƙi don ƙara yawan aiki fiye da na baya yayin da ake samun mafi girma."
Hakanan an sauƙaƙa tsarin kafa injunan yankan da sa ido. "Idan aka kwatanta da tsofaffin kayan aiki, bincike-binciken kan jirgin, saitunan sarrafa gangara mai sauƙi da hanyoyin daidaitawa ta atomatik suna rage nauyin ma'aikaci," in ji Kyle Hammon, manajan tallace-tallace na fasaha na Astec.
Don haɓaka fitarwa da ingancin saman ƙasa, injin niƙa dole ne ya iya gano canjin canjin da ke kan injin kuma ya amsa daidai. Manufar Astec ita ce kiyaye ingantattun samfuran niƙa tare da haɓaka kayan aiki da kare injina da ma'aikata. Wannan shi ne inda sabuwar fasaha ta shigo cikin wasa. Wasu nau'ikan sabbin injunan niƙa suna da tsarin aiki wanda ke bawa mai aiki damar zaɓar tsakanin hanyoyin niƙa. Wannan yana bawa mai aiki damar sarrafa yanayin.
"Za ku iya gaya wa na'ura abin da ke da tazarar wuka da ganga da kuma irin ingancin da kuke son cimma," in ji Chastain. Waɗannan saitunan na iya ba da haske kan kayan aikin yankan da kuke amfani da su. “Na’urar tana lissafin waɗannan bayanai kuma tana tantance saurin injin ɗin, da saurin yankan ganga, har ma da adadin ruwa. Wannan yana ba masu aiki damar kula da layukan samarwa da kuma isar da kayan yayin da injin ke yin sauran.”
Domin inganta samarwa da ingancin saman ƙasa, injinan niƙa dole ne su iya gano abubuwan da ke canza kaya kuma su amsa daidai. "Tsarin sarrafa kayan aikin injiniya da tsarin sarrafa motsi suna cikin wuri don kiyaye injin yana gudana a cikin sauri kuma don hana canje-canje kwatsam a cikin saurin aiki daga haifar da lahani a cikin niƙa," in ji Harmon.
Jameson Smieja, mashawarcin tallace-tallace na duniya na Caterpillar ya ce "Tsarin sarrafa kaya mai aiki kamar sarrafa nauyin Caterpillar yana bawa mai aiki damar tura na'ura zuwa iyakar ƙarfinsa ba tare da hadarin na'ura ba." "Wannan na iya ƙara haɓaka aikin injin ɗin ta hanyar yin la'akari da yadda ma'aikacin ke tura injin ɗin."
Caterpillar kuma yana ba da ikon sarrafa jirgin ruwa. "Ikon ruwa yana bawa mai aiki damar adanawa da dawo da saurin niƙa da aka yi niyya ta hanyar latsa maɓalli, ta haka yana taimaka wa ma'aikaci ya kula da daidaitaccen tsari a duk lokacin aikin."
Ayyuka kamar sarrafa kaya suna tabbatar da ingantaccen amfani da ƙarfin injin da ake samu. “Yawancin masu jirage masu sanyi suna ba masu aiki damar zaɓar injin da saurin rotor da suke son yanke. Saboda haka, a aikace-aikace inda gudun ba shine farkon abin la'akari ba ko kuma an ƙuntata manyan motoci, masu aiki zasu iya zaɓar ƙananan injin da sauri don rage yawan amfani da mai. ,” Smieja ta bayyana. "Sauran ayyuka kamar sarrafa saurin aiki na ba da damar injin ya ragu zuwa ƙananan gudu idan ya tsaya, kuma yana ƙara saurin injin kamar yadda ake buƙata lokacin da aka kunna wasu ayyuka."
Tsarin sarrafa injin MILL ASSIST na Wirtgen yana taimaka wa masu aiki su inganta sakamakon aikin niƙa. Wirtgen Wirtgen yana mai da hankali kan haɓaka farashin aiki. "Sabuwar sigar na'ura ta fi dacewa da tattalin arziki dangane da man fetur, ruwa da amfani da kayan aiki, yayin da [rage] matakan amo," in ji Chastain. "Samun tsarin aiki wanda ke sanar da injin abin da muke ƙoƙarin cimmawa, da kuma sabon watsa mai sauri biyu, yana ba injin damar yin aiki mafi kyau, tare da sanya ido kan abubuwan da ake amfani da su."
Hakanan an samar da kayan aiki da hakora. "Fasahar yankan da aka sabunta tana ba mu ƙarin kwarin gwiwa game da aikin niƙa da kuma santsi," in ji Chastain. “Sabbin kayan aikin carbide, da na PCD ko kayan aikin lu’u-lu’u na yanzu, suna ba mu damar yin niƙa mai tsayi tare da ƙarancin lalacewa. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba ma tsayawa sau da yawa, za mu ci gaba da wannan na tsawon lokaci. Samfurin inganci. Waɗannan sabbin sabbin abubuwa a cikin fasahar yanke fasaha da aikin injina mafi girma suna ba mu damar cimma inganci da fitarwar kayan.”
Shahararrun yankan lu'u-lu'u na ci gaba da girma. A cewar Caterpillar, waɗannan nau'ikan wasan motsa jiki suna da tsawon rayuwa har sau 80 fiye da na'urorin motsa jiki na carbide, wanda zai iya rage raguwa sosai.
Astec "Wannan gaskiya ne musamman a buƙatar aikace-aikacen da ake buƙata inda dole ne a maye gurbin raƙuman ƙwayar carbide sau da yawa a rana," in ji Smieja. "Bugu da ƙari, lu'u-lu'u na lu'u-lu'u suna da kaifi a duk tsawon rayuwarsu, wanda ke ba injin damar samar da daidaitattun tsarin niƙa da kuma kula da mafi girman aikin yankewa, ta haka yana ƙara yawan aiki da adanawa har zuwa 15% a cikin man fetur."
Tsarin rotor yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da sakamakon da ake sa ran. "Yawancin ƙirar rotor suna da nau'i daban-daban na yanke tazarar haƙori, ba da damar ma'aikacin ya sami nau'in ƙirar da ake buƙata don saman niƙa na ƙarshe yayin cire abubuwa da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu," in ji Smieja.
Ta hanyar isa matakin da aka yi niyya a karon farko da kuma kawar da sake yin aiki, ana sa ran injin niƙa sanye take da sabuwar fasahar sarrafa matakin zai ƙara yawan aiki, ta yadda za a iya dawo da farashin hannun jari na farko cikin sauri.
"Godiya ga tsarin kula da daraja na zamani, injinan niƙa na yau na iya zama daidai kuma suna samar da kwalaye masu santsi," in ji Smieja. "Alal misali, masu shirin sanyi na Cat sun zo daidai da Cat GRADE, wanda ke da ayyukan gangara da gangara, yana ba da juzu'i da sassauci ga kowane adadin aikace-aikace. Ko manufar kawar da zurfin zurfin niyya, niƙa don haɓaka santsi, ko Milling zuwa daidaitattun ƙirar ƙirar ƙira, Cat GRADE na iya saitawa da daidaitawa don cimma kyakkyawan sakamako a kusan duk aikace-aikacen.
An inganta sarrafa gangara don sauƙaƙe don cimma daidaito mai zurfi da/ko gangara. Chastain ya ce: "Sauƙaƙan fasaha na zamani yana ba wa masu aiki da sauri da ingantaccen martani, tare da rage matsin aikinsu."
"Muna ganin ƙarin fasahar 3D da ke shiga masana'antar niƙa," in ji shi. "Idan saitunan sun yi daidai, waɗannan tsarin suna aiki da kyau." Matsakaicin tsarin yana amfani da firikwensin sonic zuwa matsakaicin tsayin inji ko zurfin yankan zurfin.
Aiki mai rikitarwa yana dacewa da sarrafa gangara na 3D. "Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitattun tsarin 2D, tsarin kula da gangara na 3D yana ba da damar inji don yin niƙa tare da madaidaici mafi girma," in ji Hammon. "A cikin ƙarin hadaddun ayyuka waɗanda ke buƙatar zurfin daban-daban da gangara ta gefe, tsarin 3D zai yi waɗannan canje-canje ta atomatik.
"Tsarin 3D yana buƙatar gaske don ƙirƙirar samfurin dijital bisa ga bayanan da aka tattara kafin aikin niƙa," in ji shi. "Idan aka kwatanta da ayyukan 2D na gargajiya, ginawa da aiwatar da samfuran dijital akan injin niƙa yana buƙatar ƙarin aiki a gaba da ƙarin kayan aiki."
CaterpillarPlus, ba kowane aiki ne ya dace da milling 3D ba. "Yayin da milling na 3D ya ba da mafi kyawun daidaito dangane da ƙayyadaddun ƙira, fasahar da ake buƙata don cimma wannan daidaiton yana buƙatar saka hannun jari mai mahimmanci, da kuma ƙarin gudanarwar rukunin yanar gizon wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen musamman kawai," in ji Smieja.
" Wuraren aiki tare da kyawawan wurare masu kyau, nesa masu nisa, da ƙananan tsangwama ga tashoshin sarrafawa na 3D (irin su filayen jiragen sama) sune 'yan takara masu kyau don cin gajiyar 3D gangaren sarrafawa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen cika ka'idoji," in ji shi. "Duk da haka, sarrafa gangara na 2D, tare da ko ba tare da kida ba, har yanzu hanya ce mai inganci don saduwa da yawancin ƙayyadaddun niƙa na yau ba tare da buƙatar ƙarin kayan aiki ba."
Orange Crush LLC babban ɗan kwangila ne na tushen Chicago wanda ke da alhakin jerin ayyuka, gami da kwalta da ginin titin kankare da tono. Yana shimfida tituna da rarrabuwar kawuna da kuma gidaje na kasuwanci.
"Za mu iya amfani da tsire-tsire na kwalta shida a yankin Chicago," in ji Sumie Abdish, babban manajan. "Muna da kungiyoyin niƙa biyar da injin niƙa bakwai (injunan niƙa)."
Tare da taimakon SITECH Midway, Orange Crush ya zaɓi shigar da Trimble 3D master control system akan sabuwar na'urar milling Roadtec RX 700. Kodayake milling na 3D sabo ne, ɗan kwangilar yana da gogewa sosai a cikin shimfidar 3D.
Abdish ya ce "Mun fara samar da kayan aikin fasfo dinmu ne saboda an kusa kammala mu kan titin [aikin]," in ji Abdish. Amma yana ganin hanya mafi kyau ita ce fara da injin niƙa. "Na yi imani da farawa daga karce. Ina ganin zai fi kyau ku fara yin niƙa na 3D, sannan ku sanya kayan niƙa tare."
Mafitar jimlar tasha ta 3D tana ba da damar iko mai ƙarfi na duk fannoni daga fitarwa zuwa daidaito. Wannan hakika ya tabbatar da fa'ida ga aikin Norfolk Southern Railway Yard na kwanan nan a Englewood, Illinois. Orange Crush dole ne ya kula da maki mai tsauri, kuma jimillar fasahar tashar ta 3D tana kawar da buƙatar zana lambobi koyaushe a gaban injin birgima da sake duba aiki akai-akai.
"Muna da mutum a bayan niƙa mai rover, akwai ƙarin kuɗi kaɗan, amma ya fi kyau mu koma baya saboda mun rasa sakamako biyu ko uku cikin goma," in ji Abdish.
An tabbatar da daidaiton tsarin Asec daidai. Abdish ya ce "Ya sami maki kudi a karon farko." "Fitowar ku a cikin wannan aikace-aikacen ya karu da kashi 30%, musamman idan kuna da injin niƙa mai zurfi kuma kuna kula da wani tsayi da gangara a kowane matsayi."
Fasahar tana buƙatar saka hannun jari mai yawa, amma dawowar na iya zama da sauri. Orange Crush ya yi kiyasin cewa ya dawo da kusan rabin jarin fasahar sa a cikin aikin Norfolk South kadai. "Zan ce a wannan lokaci na shekara mai zuwa, za mu biya kudin tsarin," Abdish ya annabta.
Saitin rukunin yana ɗaukar kusan sa'o'i biyu tare da Orange Crush. "Lokacin farko da kuka fita don aunawa, dole ne ku lissafta sa'o'i biyu da safe kuma ku daidaita duk lokacin da kuka canja wurin injin daga wannan aiki zuwa wani," in ji Abdish. "Kafin ka aika motar zuwa wurin, dole ne ka samo na'urar a can 'yan sa'o'i a gaba."
Ga 'yan kwangila, horar da ma'aikata ba ƙalubale ba ne mai ban tsoro. Abdish ya tuna: "Ba babban ƙalubale ba ne kamar yadda na yi tunani. "Ina tsammanin tsarin koyo na paver ya fi tsayi fiye da na mai goge baki."
Mutumin da ke kula da aunawa / jagorar sarrafa injin shine ke da alhakin kafa kowane aiki. "Zai fita don sarrafa kowane aiki, sannan yayi aiki tare da SITECH don yin ma'aunin farko na injin," in ji Abdish. Tsayar da wannan mutumin zuwa zamani shine mafi mahimmancin ɓangaren horo. "Ainihin ma'aikatan nan da nan sun karbe shi."
Godiya ga ingantaccen gogewa da aka samu, Orange Crush yana shirin faɗaɗa ƙarfin niƙa na 3D ta ƙara tsarin Trimble zuwa Wirtgen 220A da aka samu kwanan nan. "Lokacin da kuke da wani aiki, kuna da wani abu da zai kiyaye ku cikin tsauraran matakan tsaro, wanda ra'ayi ne kawai," in ji Abdish. "Wannan shine babban abu a gare ni."
Ƙaramar digiri na aiki da kai da sauƙaƙe sarrafawa yana nufin cewa ba dole ba ne ma'aikata su danna maɓalli akai-akai, don haka rage yanayin koyo. Chastain ya ce "Ta hanyar yin aikin sarrafawa da sarrafa gangara mai sauƙin amfani, novice masu aiki za su iya amfani da sabon na'ura cikin sauƙi, maimakon na'ura mai shekaru 30 da ke buƙatar ƙwarewa da haƙuri don ƙwarewa," in ji Chastain.
Bugu da ƙari, masana'anta suna ba da siffofi na musamman waɗanda zasu iya sauƙaƙe da sauri saitin na'ura. "Na'urar firikwensin da aka haɗa a cikin injin yana ba da damar yin amfani da ayyukan Caterpillar's'zeroing' da'ayyukan yankewa ta atomatik' don sauƙaƙe saiti," in ji Smieja.
Fasaha matakin Wirtgen na iya daidaita tsayi, zurfin da tazara don samun ingantacciyar sakamako da rage yawan aikin mai aiki. Sake saitin Wirtgen na iya dawo da injin da sauri zuwa farkon "tsawon tsayi" don ya shirya don yanke na gaba, Smieja ya bayyana. Canje-canjen yankan ta atomatik yana bawa mai aiki damar tsarawa a cikin ƙayyadaddun sauye-sauye na zurfin da gangara a cikin tazarar da aka bayar, kuma injin zai ƙirƙiri kwatancen da ake buƙata ta atomatik.
Smieja ya kara da cewa: "Sauran siffofi, kamar kyamara mai inganci tare da jagororin yanke shawara, suna sauƙaƙa wa ma'aikaci don daidaita injin daidai a farkon kowane sabon yanke."
Rage lokacin da aka kashe akan saitin zai iya ƙara layin ƙasa. "Amfani da sabuwar fasaha, kafa na'urar niƙa don farawa ya zama mai sauƙi," in ji Chastain. "Ma'aikatan niƙa za su iya saita na'urar don aiki a cikin 'yan mintuna kaɗan."
Ƙungiyar kula da launi na na'urar milling Roadtec (Astec) tana da alamar alamar alama, mai sauƙi da sauƙi don aiki. Fasahar Astec kuma tana inganta aminci. "Sabbin fasalulluka da aka aiwatar don injin milling na Astec CMS suna da alaƙa da aminci," in ji Hammon. “Idan aka gano mutum ko wani abu mafi girma a bayan na’ura lokacin da ake juyawa, tsarin gano abubuwan na baya zai dakatar da injin niƙa. Da zarar mutum ya bar wurin da aka gano, ma’aikacin zai iya juyar da hanyar na’urar.”
Koyaya, koda tare da waɗannan ci gaban, niƙa har yanzu ɗaya ne daga cikin aikace-aikacen da ƙwarewar ma'aikaci ke da wahalar maye gurbinsu. "Ni da kaina ina tunanin cewa niƙa koyaushe yana buƙatar abubuwan ɗan adam," in ji Chastain. "Lokacin da abubuwa ke tafiya da kyau, ma'aikatan za su iya jin shi. Lokacin da abubuwa ba su da kyau, suna iya ji. Yana taimakawa sosai don sanya waɗannan injunan su zama mafi aminci da sauƙin aiki. "
Hana raguwar lokaci yana kiyaye aikin niƙa akan hanya. Wannan shine inda fasahar telematics ke canza dokokin wasan.
"Telematics kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi don rage raguwa da tattara bayanan aiki a ainihin lokacin," in ji Hammon. "Bayanan samarwa, amfani da man fetur da lokacin aiki kaɗan ne kaɗan na bayanan da za a iya samu daga nesa yayin amfani da tsarin telematics."
Astec yana ba da tsarin telematics na Guardian. "Tsarin telematics na Guardian yana ba da damar sadarwa ta hanyoyi biyu tsakanin na'ura da mai amfani da ƙarshen ko kuma mai fasaha na sabis," in ji Hammon. "Wannan yana ba da babban matakin kiyayewa da tattara bayanai akan kowace na'ura."
Lokacin da aka sami matsala da injin niƙa, yana buƙatar ganowa kuma a gyara shi da wuri-wuri. Chastain ya ce: "Sabuwar injin niƙa bai kamata ya sauƙaƙa aikin ba kawai, har ma ya sauƙaƙa gano ganewar asali da magance matsalar waɗannan injinan." Rashin lokacin injin ya ma fi muni.”
Wirtgen ya ƙirƙira wani tsari don sanar da masu amfani da matsalolin matsalolin. Chastain ya ce: "Wadannan sabbin injinan za su sanar da ma'aikacin lokacin da wasu kayan aikin ba a kunna ba, ba su aiki, ko kuma kawai kashe su bisa kuskure." "Wannan ana sa ran zai rage yawan ramukan da aka kafa a kan hanya a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata."
Wirtgen kuma ya kafa sake yin aiki akan injin ɗin niƙa don rage raguwar lokaci. "Lokacin da muka gaza, an sami ginanniyar ajiya, don haka injin niƙa zai iya ci gaba da aiki ba tare da sadaukar da inganci ko samarwa ba," in ji Chastain.