Koma babbar hanyar Arizona zuwa siminti na Portland na iya tabbatar da fa'idar yin amfani da niƙan lu'u-lu'u azaman madadin daidaitaccen niƙa da cikawa.Hasashen ya nuna cewa a cikin shekaru 30, za a rage farashin kulawa da dala biliyan 3.9.
Wannan labarin ya dogara ne akan gidan yanar gizon yanar gizon da aka fara gudanarwa yayin taron Fasaha na Ƙasa da Niƙa na Duniya (IGGA) a cikin Disamba 2020. Duba cikakken demo a ƙasa.
Mazauna yankin Phoenix suna son hanyoyi masu santsi, kyawawa, da natsuwa.Sai dai kuma saboda karuwar al'ummar yankin da kuma rashin isassun kudaden da za a iya kiyayewa, yanayin titunan yankin ya ragu a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.Sashen Sufuri na Arizona (ADOT) yana nazarin hanyoyin samar da hanyoyin samar da hanyoyin sadarwa da samar da nau'ikan hanyoyin da jama'a ke bukata.
Phoenix shine birni na biyar mafi yawan jama'a a Amurka, kuma har yanzu yana girma.Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Arizona (ADOT) tana kula da hanyar sadarwar birni mai nisan mil 435 na tituna da gadoji, yawancinsu sun ƙunshi manyan hanyoyi huɗu tare da ƙarin hanyoyin mota masu girma (HOV).Tare da kasafin gini na dalar Amurka miliyan 500 a kowace shekara, yankin yakan aiwatar da ayyukan gine-gine 20 zuwa 25 akan hanyoyin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a kowace shekara.
Arizona ta kasance tana amfani da shingen shinge tun cikin 1920s.Ana iya amfani da kankare tsawon shekaru da yawa kuma kawai yana buƙatar kulawa kowane shekaru 20-25.Don Arizona, shekaru 40 na ƙwarewar nasara sun ba da damar amfani da shi yayin gina manyan titunan jihar a cikin 1960s.A lokacin, shimfida hanyar da kankare yana nufin yin ciniki ta fuskar hayaniyar hanya.A cikin wannan lokacin, ana gama aikin simintin ta hanyar yin tin (jawo rake na ƙarfe a saman simintin daidai da zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga), kuma tayoyin da ke tuƙi akan simintin ɗin za su haifar da hayaniya, hayaniya.A cikin 2003, don magance matsalar amo, 1-in.An yi amfani da Layer Friction Layer (AR-ACFC) a saman Portland Cement Concrete (PCC).Wannan yana ba da daidaiton bayyanar, sauti mai natsuwa da tafiya mai daɗi.Koyaya, kiyaye saman AR-ACFC ya tabbatar da zama ƙalubale.
Rayuwar ƙirar AR-ACFC kusan shekaru 10 ne.Manyan titunan Arizona yanzu sun zarce rayuwar ƙirar su kuma sun tsufa.Matsakaici da batutuwa masu alaƙa suna haifar da matsala ga direbobi da ma'aikatar sufuri.Kodayake delamination yawanci kawai yana haifar da asarar kusan inch 1 na zurfin hanya (saboda kwalta na roba mai kauri 1-inch ya rabu da simintin da ke ƙasa), ɓangarorin da jama'a masu balaguro ke ɗaukarsa a matsayin rami kuma ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin mai tsanani. matsala.
Bayan gwajin niƙa na lu'u-lu'u, saman kankare na gaba-gaba, da kuma kammala saman kankare tare da zamewa grinder ko micromilling, ADOT ya ƙaddara cewa rubutun tsayin da aka samu ta hanyar niƙa lu'u-lu'u yana ba da kyakkyawar bayyanar corduroy da kyakkyawan aikin tuki (Kamar yadda aka nuna ta ƙananan IRI) lambobi ) da ƙarancin hayaniya.Randy Everett da Sashen Sufuri na Arizona
Arizona tana amfani da Ƙididdigar Roughness na Duniya (IRI) don auna yanayin hanya, kuma adadin yana raguwa.(IRI wani nau'i ne na bayanan ƙididdiga na rashin ƙarfi, wanda kusan dukkanin cibiyoyin ƙasa ke amfani da su a matsayin alamar aiki na tsarin tafiyar da shingen su. Ƙarƙashin ƙimar, ƙananan ƙarancin, wanda ake so).Bisa ga ma'auni na IRI da aka gudanar a cikin 2010, 72% na manyan tituna a yankin suna cikin yanayi mai kyau.Ya zuwa 2018, wannan adadin ya ragu zuwa 53%.Hanyoyin tsarin manyan tituna na ƙasa kuma suna nuna koma baya.Aunawa a cikin 2010 sun nuna cewa kashi 68% na hanyoyin suna cikin yanayi mai kyau.A shekarar 2018, wannan adadin ya ragu zuwa 35%.
Yayin da farashin ya karu-kuma kasafin kuɗi ba zai iya ci gaba ba-a cikin Afrilu 2019, ADOT ya fara neman mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓukan ajiya fiye da akwatin kayan aiki na baya.Don shimfidar shimfidar wurare waɗanda har yanzu suna cikin kyakkyawan yanayi a cikin taga ƙirar rayuwa na shekaru 10 zuwa 15 - kuma yana ƙara zama mahimmanci ga sashen don kiyaye layin da ke cikin yanayi mai kyau-zaɓuɓɓuka sun haɗa da rufewar fashe, fesa hatimi (amfani da bakin ciki). Layer na haske, Sannu a hankali ƙarfafa kwalta emulsion), ko gyara ramukan mutum.Don shimfidar layin da suka wuce rayuwar ƙira, zaɓi ɗaya shine a niƙa gurɓataccen kwalta tare da shimfiɗa sabon rufin kwalta na roba.Duk da haka, saboda girman wurin da ake buƙatar gyara, wannan ya nuna cewa yana da tsada.Wani abin da ke kawo cikas ga duk wani bayani da ke buƙatar sake niƙa saman kwalta shi ne cewa babu makawa kayan aikin niƙa za su yi tasiri tare da lalata simintin da ke cikin ƙasa, kuma asarar simintin da aka yi a gidajen yana da muni musamman.
Menene zai faru idan Arizona ta koma kan asalin PCC?ADOT ta san cewa manyan titunan siminti a jihar an tsara su ne don samar da kwanciyar hankali na tsawon rai.Sashen ya fahimci cewa idan za su iya amfani da PCC ɗin da ke ƙasa don inganta asalinta na haƙori don samar da hanya mai shiru da hauhawa, hanyar da aka gyara na iya ɗaukar tsayi kuma tana buƙatar kulawa.Haka kuma ya yi kasa da kwalta.
A matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin a kan SR 101 arewacin Phoenix, an cire Layer AR-ACFC, don haka ADOT ya shigar da sassan gwaji guda hudu don gano mafita na gaba wanda zai yi amfani da simintin da ke ciki yayin tabbatar da santsi , Hawan shuru da kyakkyawan bayyanar hanya.Sashen ya yi nazari kan niƙa lu'u-lu'u da Tsarin Kankara na Gaba (NGCS), nau'in rubutu tare da bayanin martabar ƙasa mai sarrafawa da gabaɗayan rubutu mara kyau ko ƙasa, wanda aka haɓaka a matsayin shinge mai ƙarancin hayaniya musamman.ADOT kuma yana la'akari da yin amfani da injin niƙa mai zamewa (tsari wanda na'ura ke jagorantar ƙwallo zuwa saman hanya don inganta halayen juzu'i) ko micro-milling don kammala saman simintin.Bayan gwada kowace hanya, ADOT ta ƙaddara cewa rubutun tsayin da aka samu ta hanyar niƙa lu'u-lu'u yana ba da kyakkyawar bayyanar corduroy da kuma kyakkyawan kwarewar hawan (kamar yadda ƙananan ƙimar IRI ya nuna) da ƙaramar amo.Hakanan aikin niƙa lu'u-lu'u ya tabbatar da cewa yana da sauƙi don kare wuraren kankare, musamman a kusa da haɗin gwiwa, wanda a baya ya lalace ta hanyar niƙa.Nika lu'u-lu'u kuma mafita ce mai tsada.
A cikin Mayu 2019, ADOT ya yanke shawarar yin lu'u-lu'u-lu'u-lu'u-dan karamin yanki na SR 202 da ke yankin kudu na Phoenix.Titin AR-ACFC mai shekaru 15 yana da sako-sako da lallausan duwatsu har aka rika jifan gilashin gilashin, kuma direbobin sun koka kan lalacewar gilashin da duwatsu masu tashi a kowace rana.Adadin asarar da ake yi a wannan yanki ya fi na sauran yankunan kasar.Titin gefen kuma yana da hayaniya da wahalar tuƙi.ADOT ya zaɓi ƙarewar lu'u-lu'u don hanyoyin hannun dama guda biyu tare da SR 202 tsawon rabin mil.Sun yi amfani da bokitin lodi don cire Layer na AR-ACFC na yanzu ba tare da lalata simintin da ke ƙasa ba.Sashen ya yi nasarar gwada wannan hanyar a watan Afrilu lokacin da suke tunanin hanyoyin komawa hanyar PCC.Bayan kammala aikin, wakilin ADOT ya lura cewa direban zai tashi daga layin AR-ACFC zuwa layin siminti na ƙasan lu'u-lu'u don samun ingantacciyar tafiya da halayen sauti.
Ko da yake ba a kammala dukkan ayyukan gwaji ba, bincike na farko kan farashi ya nuna cewa tanadin da ke da alaƙa da yin amfani da shinge na kankare da niƙan lu'u-lu'u don haɓaka kamanni, santsi, da sauti na iya rage kulawa da kusan dala biliyan 3.9 a cikin shekara guda.Sama da shekaru 30.Randy Everett da Ma'aikatar Sufuri ta Arizona
A wannan lokacin, Ƙungiyar Gwamnatin Maricopa (MAG) ta fitar da wani rahoto da ke tantance hayaniyar babbar hanyar gida da tuki.Rahoton ya yarda da wahalar kula da hanyoyin sadarwa kuma yana mai da hankali kan halayen hayaniya na hanyar.Mahimmin ƙarshe shine saboda fa'idar amo na AR-ACFC yana ɓacewa da sauri, "ya kamata a yi la'akari da maganin ƙasan lu'u-lu'u maimakon rufin kwalta na roba."Wani ci gaba na lokaci guda shine kwangilar siyan kaya wanda ke ba da izinin niƙa lu'u-lu'u An kawo ɗan kwangilar don kulawa da gini.
ADOT ta yi imanin cewa lokaci ya yi da za a ɗauki mataki na gaba kuma yana shirin fara wani babban aikin niƙa na lu'u-lu'u akan SR 202 a cikin Fabrairu 2020. Aikin ya ƙunshi yanki mai tsayin mil huɗu, mai faɗin layi huɗu, gami da sassan gangare.Wurin ya yi girma da yawa don amfani da loda don cire kwalta, don haka an yi amfani da injin niƙa.Sashen yana yanke ƙwalta na roba don ɗan kwangilar niƙa don amfani da shi azaman jagora yayin aikin niƙa.Ta hanyar sauƙaƙa wa mai aiki don ganin saman PCC a ƙarƙashin murfin, ana iya daidaita kayan aikin niƙa kuma za a iya rage lalacewar simintin da ke ƙasa.Dutsen lu'u-lu'u na ƙarshe na SR 202 ya cika duk ƙa'idodin ADOT- yana da shiru, santsi kuma mai ban sha'awa idan aka kwatanta da saman kwalta, ƙimar IRI ya yi kyau sosai a cikin 1920s da 1930s.Ana iya samun waɗannan halaye masu kama da surutu saboda ko da yake sabon shimfidar AR-ACFC yana da kusan 5 dB mafi shuru fiye da ƙasan lu'u-lu'u, lokacin da aka yi amfani da pavement na AR-ACFC tsawon shekaru 5 zuwa 9, sakamakon ma'aunin sa yana kama da ko sama da matakin dB.Ba wai kawai hayaniyar sabon filin lu'u-lu'u na SR 202 yayi ƙasa sosai ga direbobi ba, amma titin gefen kuma yana haifar da ƙarancin hayaniya a cikin al'ummomin da ke kusa.
Nasarar ayyukansu na farko ya sa ADOT ta fara wasu ayyukan matukin jirgi guda uku na nika lu'u-lu'u.An gama niƙa lu'u-lu'u na Madauki 101 Farashin Freeway.Za a gudanar da aikin niƙan lu'u-lu'u na Madauki 101 Pima Freeway a farkon 2021, kuma ana sa ran za a aiwatar da ginin Madauki 101 I-17 zuwa 75th Avenue a cikin shekaru biyar masu zuwa.ADOT za ta bibiyi aikin duk abubuwa don bincika goyan bayan haɗin gwiwa, ko simintin ya bare, da kiyaye sauti da ingancin hawan.
Ko da yake ba a kammala dukkan ayyukan matukin jirgi ba, bayanan da aka tattara ya zuwa yanzu sun tabbatar da la'akari da nika lu'u-lu'u a matsayin madadin daidaitaccen nika da cikowa.Sakamakon farko na binciken farashin ya nuna cewa tanadin da ke da alaƙa da yin amfani da shinge na kankare da niƙan lu'u-lu'u don haɓaka kamanni, santsi da sauti na iya rage farashin kulawa har zuwa dala biliyan 3.9 a cikin shekaru 30.
Ta hanyar yin amfani da shimfidar simintin da aka gina a Phoenix, ba wai kawai za a iya tsawaita kasafin kuɗaɗen kulawa ba kuma ana kiyaye ƙarin hanyoyi cikin yanayi mai kyau, amma dorewar simintin yana tabbatar da cewa an rage tashe-tashen hankulan da suka shafi kula da hanya.Mafi mahimmanci, jama'a za su iya jin daɗin tuƙi mai santsi da nutsuwa.
Randy Everett babban jami'in gudanarwa ne na Sashen Sufuri a Tsakiyar Arizona.
IGGA ƙungiya ce ta kasuwanci mai zaman kanta wacce aka kafa a cikin 1972 ta ƙungiyar kwararrun masana'antu masu sadaukarwa, sadaukar da kai don haɓaka ayyukan niƙa na lu'u-lu'u da tsarin tsinkewa don siminti na Portland da saman kwalta.A cikin 1995, IGGA ya shiga haɗin gwiwa na Ƙungiyar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙasa ta Amirka (ACPA), ta kafa IGGA/ACPA Concrete Pavement Partnership (IGGA/ACPA CP3).A yau, wannan haɗin gwiwar albarkatu ce ta fasaha da jagorar masana'antu a cikin kasuwancin duniya na ingantattun saman shimfidar tudu, gyare-gyaren kwamfyuta da kariyar shinge.Manufar IGGA ita ce ta zama jagorar fasaha da albarkatu na haɓakawa don karɓa da daidaitaccen amfani da niƙa da ɗigon lu'u-lu'u, da kuma adana PCC da maidowa.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-08-2021